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Prognostic implications of CD-57 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma cases
Santosh Kumar1, Akhilesh Chandra2, Rahul Agrawal2, Priyanka Singh3, Meetu Pallavi4
1 Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Vananchal Dental College and Hospital, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India
2 Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
3 Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
4 Private Practitioner, Patna, Bihar, India
Correspondence Address:
Akhilesh Chandra,
Faculty of Dental Sciences, IMS, BHU, Varanasi - 221 005, Uttar Pradesh
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_906_21
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Background: Natural killer (NK) cells are one of the most important effector T -lymphocytes having antitumor effect. Only a few studies are present in the literature, correlating the expression of cluster of differentiation 57 (CD-57) in NK cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Aims: To analyze the effect of the presence of NK cells in the stroma of OSCC and their effect on the tumor progression and prognosis. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was performed over 122 OSCC patients who had undergone surgical treatment between 2014 and 16. Wax blocks were obtained and subjected to immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis for CD-57 expression. Patients were followed up for 3 years and 100 cases were finally included in the study and divided into three groups. Statistical Analysis Used: The association between variable were studied through the Chi-square test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Mann–Whitney U test. Result: A total of 91% of cases showed positive staining for CD-57. Maximum positive expression (96.6%) was observed in the patients who were alive and without recurrence (Group-II) as compared to dead patients (Group-I) and in well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (WDSCC) cases (96.8%) than in poorly differentiated cases. Also, the mean CD-57 positive cells count was found to be highest in Group-II and WDSCC cases. Conclusion: A significant correlation was observed between CD-57 expression and patients' health status. As the expression of CD-57 increased in the tumor stroma of OSCC, the chances for the patient to be alive were increased; therefore, it may serve as a good prognostic marker.
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