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Knockdown of PTEN promotes colon cancer progression and induces M2 macrophage polarization in the colon cancer cell environment
Xu Han1, Ting Yan1, Lina Wang2, Bin He1, Huaxu Yu1
1 General Surgery Department, The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
2 Department of General Medicine, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
Correspondence Address:
Huaxu Yu,
General Surgery Department, The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan
China
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_786_21
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Objective: This article aims to study the effect of phosphate and tension homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) knockdown on colon cancer progression and macrophage polarization in the cancer environment. Methods and Results: The expression of PTEN in colon cancer tissues and colon cancer cells was significantly lower than in precancerous tissues or CCD-18Co cells, and the decrease was most evident in SW620 cells. The expressions of phosphate (p)-p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), activator protein 1 (AP-1), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein in colon cancer tissues and cells were significantly higher than in precancerous tissues or CCD-18Co cells (P-values < 0.05). Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) and Caspase-3 expressions in colon cancer tissues and cells were significantly lower than in precancerous tissues or CCD-18Co cells (P-values < 0.05). 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was applied to measure cell viability. Transwell evaluated the cell migration and invasion ability. Si-PTEN improved the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SW620 cells (P-values < 0.05). The expression levels of arginase-1 (Arg-1), CD163, CD206 in colon cancer tissues were significantly higher than in precancerous tissues (P-values < 0.05). The cell cycle, the number of M1 and M2 double-positive cells were assessed by flow cytometry. Si-PTEN reduced the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which upregulated the expression of Arg-1, CD206, CD163, p-p38, JNK, and AP-1 (P-values < 0.05). Conclusion: Si-PTEN promoted colon cancer progression and induced the polarization of M2 tumor-associated macrophages in the colon cancer cell environment.
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