| REVIEW ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2022 | Volume
: 65
| Issue : 5 | Page : 318-328 |
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Hereditary neuropathies: Genetics and utility of nerve biopsy
TC Yasha, Shivani Sharma, N Gayathri, NB Nandeesh
Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Correspondence Address:
T C Yasha
Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_146_22
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Peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common neurological conditions of the nervous system. Hereditary neuropathies (HNs) form an important group with varying degrees of severity, causing a significant disease burden. Accurate diagnosis is essential for management, counseling, and preventing unnecessary extended workups for acquired etiologies and inappropriate treatment. Several hereditary neuropathies have characteristic or diagnostic histologic findings; however, in the era of molecular diagnostics, the role of nerve biopsy in the diagnosis of hereditary neuropathy has reduced significantly. Nevertheless, in sporadic cases, cases without a clear family history, clinical mimics, cases with rare mutations, and genetic variants of unknown significance, a nerve biopsy can confirm the diagnosis, provide an unexpected diagnosis, or direct a targeted molecular testing. HN may be non-syndromic, affecting predominantly the peripheral nervous system or syndromic where it is a part of more widespread neurological or multisystem involvement. This review summarizes the microscopic pathological features in a nerve biopsy in some of the more commonly encountered inherited peripheral neuropathies highlighting their utility in selected cases.
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